Personal Income Distribution and Personal Savings in Pakistan: 1963/64

A New Approach to Personal Income Distribution

The results of R dynamical random surface model (2-dimensional quantum gravity with a R term) are applied to explain the personal income distribution. A scale invariance exists if there is not the R term in the action. The R term provides a typical scale and breaks the scale invariance explicitly in the low and middle income range. A new distribution, Weibull distribution, is deduced from the a...

Universal Structure of the Personal Income Distribution

We investigate the Japanese personal income distribution in the high income range over the 112 years 1887-1998, and that in the middle income range over the 44 years 1955-98. It is observed that the distribution pattern of the lognormal with power law tail is the universal structure. However the indexes specifying the distribution differ from year to year. One of the index characterizing the di...

A Study of the Personal Income Distribution in Australia

We analyze the data on personal income distribution from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. We compare fits of the data to the exponential, log-normal, and gamma distributions. The exponential function gives a good (albeit not perfect) description of 98% of the population in the lower part of the distribution. The log-normal and gamma functions do not improve the fit significantly, despite ha...

Fractal Structure with a Typical Scale and Personal Income Distribution

In order to describe fractal and non-fractal distributions in a unified framework analytically, we introduce 2-dimensional quantum gravity with R term. This model is obtained by adding an interaction term with a typical scale to a scale invariant system. In addition to power law distribution, this model has Weibull-like distribution in the scale region where the typical scale is meaningful. We ...

Personal Computer Remanufacturing and Energy Savings